| vegetarian history |
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from The Vegetarian Summer 1996
Since 1848, the Society has been producing a journal for the benefit of its members. Times change, but the issues surrounding the movement remain remarkably the same. Former Magazine Editor, now Local Network Co-ordinator, Bronwen Humphreys,
looks at the way we were.
The Summer of 1946 seems to have been a season of anniversaries and memorials. The Vegetarian Society itself was looking forward to its 100th anniversary and giving its members advance warnings of celebratory plans.
The September issue carried a memorial to Anna Kingsford, who had been born 100 years earlier. Anna Kingsford was also an opponent of vivisection, and had become a vegetarian following the influence of her eldest brother. She decided that the best way to combat vivisection was to study medicine - this was in the 1870s when it was difficult for women to have any kind of professional career! Anna also felt that she had a spiritual mission to spread the word about vegetarianism, anti-vivisection and esoteric Christianity. She went to Paris to study and passed all her medical exams. In 1880 she wrote a thesis entitled "L'Alimentation Vegetale de l'Homme" which gained her a diploma. It was published in English under the title "the Perfect Way in Diet". The Indian cricket team was touring England that year and the Vegetarian Messenger carried a photo of V M Merchant, the vice-captain who was "second only to Walter Hammond in that season's batting averages". Mr Merchant was a vegan and, it seems, the only member of the team who consistently maintained his vegetarian principles. The Vegetarian News, organ of the London Vegetarian Society, was proud that it had increased it's circulation from 3,500 to 4,500 and was expecting to grow even more "as more paper becomes available" - not a problem we encounter today! It also had a competition with offering a prize of £5 for the best essay on "Will the new era of Socialism herald a growth of vegetarianism and a cessation of cruel sports?" Post war conditions continued to limit activities, the London Vegetarian Society was unable to arrange its usual holiday for members and they were reminded if booking holidays for themselves, to check on the availability of salads and vegetables. The Summer issue of The Vegetarian News also devoted a considerable amount of space addressing a problem that never seems to go away - parents' concern that their children are having an adequate diet. C V Pink, MRCS, LRCP wrote reassuringly "My partner and I have had the experience, which must be unique in this country, of seeing nearly three thousand babies start on a vegetarian diet." Some of these babies had been followed up until they were in their twenties and the doctors' conclusions were that they were healthier than non-vegetarian babies, suffered less from childhood ailments and had a satisfactory rate of growth. On the other side of the Atlantic, The American Vegetarian was a broad-sheet style monthly newspaper published by E L Pratt, Pismo Beach, California. We have a few bound copies of this, but we don't really know much about it. The 1945-46 volume was number 4 in the series so we assume it must have started around 1940. It seems to have been enjoyed by British readers as well as American - the July issue has a rather wistful letter from a Mrs Williams of Hull, musing about the many ads for nuts and tinned fruits the paper contains and wondering if American vegetarians realised how lucky they were! "American vegetarians have so vast a variety of foods to choose from. One advertisement names the Marzipaned Prunes. Couldn't I just enjoy a taste of these prunes for my birthday? Tinned fruits are such a luxury, one person out of ten will be lucky to get some. I have not tasted any since before the war." The editor, I'm pleased to say, took pity on Mrs Williams and sent her two large tins of California peaches! Looking back rather further than we usually do, did you notice The Guardian on 4th May? Celebrating their 175 anniversary, they published a facsimile of the front page of their very first issue dated Saturday May 5, 1821. There in the top right hand corner was an advertisement for a book on "A new system of vegetable cookery: with an introduction recommending abstinence from animal food and intoxicating liquors. The second edition, by a member of the Society of Bible Christians." The ad goes on to mention works by the Rev William Cowherd, Minister of Christ Church, Salford. Here, some 26 years before the founding of The Vegetarian Society, we are looking at the early roots of our movement, which springs directly from the Rev Cowherd's teachings at the Bible Christian Church, Salford. | ||
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| The Vegetarian is published by The Vegetarian Society and is sent free of charge to all members. | ||


![[pic: G.B.Shaw]](pics/shaw.jpg)
![[pic: Anna Kingsford]](pics/anna.jpg)